Kwanan nan, mai bincike mai mahimmancin waƙa, cibiyar nazarin ilmin halitta ta masana'antu ta Tianjin, kwalejin kimiyyar kimiyya ta kasar Sin, ta ƙera wani fasaha na fasaha na zamani na zamani, wanda ke maye gurbin soda caustic a cikin riga-kafi na bugu da rini, zai rage yawan hayaƙin ruwa, da ceton ruwa da wutar lantarki. , kuma masana'antar ta kimanta a matsayin wata muhimmiyar fasahar kere-kere a cikin masana'antar bugu da rini na kasar Sin.
Shin kun taɓa tunanin yanayin da ake yin T-shirt, jeans, ko rigar da kuke sawa?A gaskiya ma, tufafi masu launi suna kawo mummunar lalacewa ga yanayin.Masana'antar bugu da rini koyaushe ta kasance wakilcin ƙarfin samar da baya tare da gurɓataccen gurɓatawa da yawan amfani da makamashi.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yawancin masana'antun bugawa da rini na cikin gida, musamman na biranen matakin farko, an kawar da su a hankali ko ma rufe su.
Haka kuma, bugu da rini wata hanya ce da babu makawa a cikin masana'antar masaku.Karkashin matsin lamba na manufofi, masana'antar bugawa da rini a koyaushe suna neman sabbin fasahohi tare da matsawa zuwa alkiblar bugu da rini.
Fasahar kere-kere, wadda ta yi amfani da waka mai mahimmanci, mai bincike daga cibiyar nazarin halittun masana'antu ta Tianjin, kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin, wadda ta maye gurbin soda caustic a cikin tsara kayan bugu da rini, na iya rage zubar da ruwa mai yawa, da ceton ruwa da wutar lantarki, kuma yana da tasiri sosai. Masana'antu sun kimanta a matsayin wata muhimmiyar fasahar kere-kere a cikin masana'antar bugawa da rini na kasar Sin.
Ana buƙatar masana'antar bugawa da rini cikin gaggawa don yaƙi da gurɓacewar muhalli "Matsalar gurɓacewar muhalli a masana'antar masaka ta kasar Sin ta kai matsayin da ake buƙatar warware shi cikin gaggawa.Samar da masaku na gargajiya ba wai kawai yana kawo gurbacewar muhalli ba, har ma yana samar da kowane irin sinadarai masu cutarwa, suna kawo illa ga lafiyarmu.Ya kamata al'umma baki daya su yi watsi da tsarin samar da gurbatacciyar iska da cin abinci ""Akwai akalla sinadarai 8,000 a duniya da ke amfani da kashi 25 cikin 100 na maganin kashe kwari wajen noman auduga da ba na kwayoyin halitta ba wajen mayar da albarkatun kasa zuwa masaku," a cewar bayanai. Ƙididdiga ta Duniya ta fitar.Wannan zai haifar da lalacewa da ba za a iya jurewa ba ga mutane da muhalli, kuma kashi biyu bisa uku na hayakin carbon zai ci gaba bayan an sayi tufafi.Yana ɗaukar galan da yawa na ruwa don sarrafa masana'anta, musamman rini na masana'anta, wanda ke buƙatar galan tiriliyan 2.4 na ruwa.
Kididdigar muhalli ta kasar Sin ta nuna cewa, masana'antar masaka ta kasance babbar gurbatar muhalli a manyan masana'antu.Fitar da ruwan sharar masaka na kan gaba a cikin masana'antu 41 na kasar Sin, kuma fitar da aikin bugu da rini ya kai sama da kashi 70 cikin 100 na fitar da ruwan datti.
Ban da wannan kuma, a matsayin muhimmin tushen gurbatar ruwa, masana'antar masaka ta kasar Sin tana amfani da dimbin albarkatun ruwa, inda ta yi nisa da sauran kasashen duniya wajen yin amfani da ruwa.Bisa rahoton da aka yi kan rigakafi da sarrafa gurbatar muhalli a manyan masana'antu da jaridar kimiyyar muhalli ta kasar Sin ta buga, matsakaicin yawan gurbatar yanayi a cikin bugu da rini na kasar Sin ya ninka na kasashen waje sau 2-3, kuma yawan ruwan da ake amfani da shi ya yi yawa. kamar sau 3-4.Haka kuma, bugu da rini da ruwan sha ba wai kawai gurbacewar da masana’antu ke yi ba ne, har ma da sludge da ake samu ta hanyar bugu da rini da ruwa na da wasu matsaloli wajen maganin.
Daga cikin su, gurbatar yanayi da amfani da soda mai yawa ke haifarwa a cikin riga-kafin bugu da rini yana da muni musamman."Dole ne a bi da shi da soda caustic, tururi sosai, sa'an nan kuma kawar da shi da hydrochloric acid, wanda shine yawan ruwan sha."In ji manajan wanda ya yi aiki a masana’antar bugu da rini na shekaru da yawa.
Don tinkarar wannan lamari, wata tawagar da ke karkashin jagorancin waka mai muhimmanci, mai bincike a cibiyar nazarin fasahar kere-kere ta masana'antu ta Tianjin da ke karkashin kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin, da farko ta yi niyya wajen samar da sabbin shirye-shiryen enzyme wadanda za su iya maye gurbin caustic soda.
Shirye-shiryen enzyme na halitta yana magance matsalar bugu da riniTsarin bugu na gargajiya na gargajiya ya ƙunshi matakai biyar: ƙonawa, desizing, tacewa, bleaching da siliki.Ko da yake wasu kamfanoni na kasashen waje sun kasance suna samar da shirye-shiryen enzyme kafin bugu da rini, amma ana amfani da su ne kawai a cikin aikin desizing.
Song Hui ya ce, shirye-shiryen enzyme wani nau'i ne na ingantaccen inganci, ƙarancin amfani, mai haɓaka ilimin halitta ba mai guba ba, jiyya na nazarin halittu bisa hanyar shirye-shiryen enzyme shine warware masana'antar bugu da rini hanyar da ta dace don haɓaka gurɓataccen ruwa da yawan amfani, amma, bayan haka. nau'ikan shirye-shiryen enzyme, ɗayan mafi girman farashi na shirye-shiryen enzyme na fili da rashin daidaituwa tare da bincike na kayan taimako na yadi, cikakken tsari na pretreatment rini na enzymatic bai riga ya samo asali ba.
A wannan karon, ƙungiyar waƙa ta mahimmanci da kamfanoni da yawa sun cimma haɗin gwiwa sosai.Bayan shekaru uku, sun haɓaka nau'ikan shirye-shiryen bioenzyme masu inganci masu inganci da hanyoyin samar da su, gami da amylase, pectinase alkaline, xylanase da catalase.
“Desizing – tacewa fili enzyme shiri ya warware matsala mai wuya na desizing polyester auduga da tsarki polyester launin toka.A da, amylase desizing zai iya warware launin toka kawai tare da sitaci sitaci, kuma launin toka mai launin toka tare da cakuda PVA za'a iya dafa shi kawai kuma a cire shi tare da alkali mai zafi.Kwana kadi shugaban kungiyar injiniya Ding Xueqin ya ce, mahadi dauke da harshen wuta retardant siliki, polyester masana'anta irin high zafin jiki alkali dafa abinci desizing, in ba haka ba zai ragu, da kuma amfani da nazarin halittu fili enzyme desizing sakamako yana da kyau sosai, don hana masana'anta shrinkage, remission. da sitaci, PVA da tsabta, da kuma bayan aiki zane ji m da taushi, kuma warware wani fasaha matsala ga factory.
Ajiye ruwa da wutar lantarki da rage magudanar ruwa bisa ga waƙa mai mahimmanci, da zarar an kammala aikin desizing da tace enzymatic, ba wai kawai adana yanayin zafi na tsarin jiyya na gargajiya ba, har ma yana rage yawan tururi da ake amfani da shi a cikin tsarin pretreatment a ƙasa kaɗan. zafin jiki, da muhimmanci ceton tururi makamashi amfani.Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin gargajiya, yana adana kashi 25 zuwa 50 na tururi da kashi 40 na wutar lantarki.
Enzymatic pretreatment tsari maye gurbin gargajiya fasaha na caustic soda desizing da caustic soda refining tsari, madadin nufin cewa nazarin halittu fermentation samfurin caustic soda, refining wakili da sauran sunadarai, sabili da haka, na iya ƙwarai rage sarrafa sharar gida darajar pH da COD darajar, da sinadaran jamiái kamar su. yadda ya kamata maye gurbin mai tacewa zai iya yin a cikin pretreatment ruwan sharar gida darajar COD za a rage da fiye da 60%.
"Shirye-shiryen enzyme Biocomposite yana da halaye na yanayin jiyya mai sauƙi, inganci mai kyau da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa.Aikace-aikacen jiyya na bioenzyme yana da ɗan lalacewa ga fiber auduga, kuma yana da tasiri mai inganci akan sitaci slurry da PVA slurry akan zane mai launin toka, wanda zai iya cimma sakamako mai kyau na desizing.Ingantacciyar fiber auduga da aka yi amfani da ita da wannan fasaha ya fi na hanyoyin gargajiya, in ji waƙa.
Game da batun farashin da ya shafi masana'antar bugu da rini, waƙar mahimmanci ta ce ingantaccen aikin enzyme na biocomposite yana da girma, adadin ya yi ƙasa kaɗan, farashin daidai yake da na kayan masarufi na yau da kullun, ba zai ƙara farashin sarrafawa ba, yawancin masana'antar yadi na iya. karba shi.Bugu da kari, aikace-aikace na nazarin halittu enzymes domin pretreatment na iya muhimmanci rage farashin pretreatment da kuma inganta tattalin arzikin masana'antu masaku ta hanyar rage yawan makamashin tururi, kawar da farashin alkaline sharar gida magani, da kuma rage adadin daban-daban sinadarai AIDS. .
"A cikin aikace-aikacen fasahar pretreatment enzymatic na tianfang, da enzymatic pretreatment na 12,000 mita tsantsa auduga zane da 11,000 aramid zafi-kalaman cabb iya rage farashin da 30% da kuma 70% bi da bi idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya alkaline tsari.""In ji ding.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-08-2022